The research process is a series of steps undertaken by researchers to systematically solve a problem or gain knowledge. It ensures the research is well-organized, logical, and result-oriented. Below are the main stages of the research process:
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? 1. Identification of Research Problem
This is the first step where the researcher defines the topic or issue that needs investigation. It should be specific, researchable, and relevant.
? 2. Review of Literature
This involves studying existing research and academic works related to the chosen problem to understand the knowledge gap and build a strong theoretical base.
? 3. Setting Research Objectives & Hypothesis
At this stage, researchers define the aims of the study and may propose a hypothesis (a predictive statement that can be tested).
? 4. Research Design
This outlines the overall strategy for conducting the research. It includes:
Type of research (qualitative/quantitative/mixed)
Method of data collection
Tools for analysis
Sampling method
? 5. Data Collection
Information is gathered through primary methods (surveys, interviews, experiments) or secondary sources (books, journals, databases).
? 6. Data Analysis & Interpretation
Collected data is analyzed using statistical or qualitative techniques to draw meaningful conclusions and test hypotheses.
? 7. Report Writing & Presentation
Findings are documented in a structured report and presented clearly to the stakeholders, academic bodies, or decision-makers.
? 8. Conclusion & Recommendations
Based on the results, conclusions are drawn, and practical suggestions or solutions are provided.
