Controlling in management - meaning characteristics process techniques important and limitation
22/June/2025 20:13
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Here's a complete and structured answer for your topic on Controlling in management — covering meaning, characteristics, process, techniques, importance, and limitations.
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✅ Meaning of Controlling
Controlling is the managerial function of monitoring, measuring, and correcting activities to ensure that organizational goals are achieved. It compares actual performance with planned objectives and takes corrective actions when needed.
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✅ Definition of Controlling
> Koontz and O’Donnell:
“Controlling is the measurement and correction of performance in order to make sure that enterprise objectives and plans are being accomplished.”
> Henry Fayol:
“Control consists in verifying whether everything occurs in conformity with the plan adopted, the instructions issued, and the principles established.”
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✅ Essential Characteristics / Features of Controlling
1. Goal-Oriented
Ensures organizational objectives are being met.
2. Continuous Process
It is an ongoing activity, not a one-time task.
3. Pervasive Function
Applies at all levels of management.
4. Forward-Looking
Though based on past data, it focuses on future improvements.
5. Action-Oriented
Identifies deviations and triggers corrective measures.
6. Integrates with Planning
Control is effective only when standards are well-defined through planning.
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✅ Nature of Control
Managerial Function: It is a key part of the management cycle.
Quantitative & Qualitative: Involves measurable data and subjective judgment.
Feedback Mechanism: Provides essential feedback for improvement.
Dynamic: Adjusts with changes in internal and external environments.
