Coordination and management covering meaning definition features principles techniques
22/June/2025 20:17
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Here is a complete explanation of Coordination in management, covering meaning, definition, features, principles, and techniques/methods:
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✅ Meaning of Coordination
Coordination is the process of integrating and synchronizing the efforts and actions of different individuals or departments in an organization to achieve common objectives efficiently and effectively.
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✅ Definition of Coordination
> Henry Fayol:
“Coordination is harmonizing all the activities of a concern to facilitate its working and its success.”
> Mary Parker Follett:
“Coordination is the orderly arrangement of group effort to provide unity of action in the pursuit of common goals.”
> Mooney and Reiley:
“Coordination is the orderly arrangement of group efforts to provide unity of action in the pursuit of common purpose.”
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✅ Features / Characteristics of Coordination
1. Integration of Efforts
Combines activities of different departments and employees.
2. Common Objectives
Ensures everyone works toward the same organizational goals.
3. Continuous Process
Coordination is required at all stages of management – planning to control.
4. Pervasive Function
Applies to all levels (top, middle, lower) and functions (HR, finance, marketing).
5. Group Effort
Ensures that team activities do not work in isolation but align together.
6. Deliberate and Planned Activity
Coordination is not automatic; it needs managerial effort.
7. Responsibility of All Managers
Though top management is most involved, every manager contributes to coordination.
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✅ Principles of Coordination (By Mary Parker Follett and others)
Principle Explanation
1. Early Start Coordination should start during the planning stage, not after execution begins.
2. Direct Contact Managers should communicate directly with subordinates to avoid delays and confusion.
3. Continuity Coordination must be maintained continuously, not occasionally.
4. Reciprocal Relations Each department affects the other; coordination ensures mutual adjustment.
5. Clear Objectives Everyone should know the organization’s goals clearly.
6. Leadership Effective leadership promotes trust, cooperation, and coordination.
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✅ Techniques / Methods of Coordination
Technique Explanation
1. Sound Planning Clear goals and consistent plans prevent confusion and conflict.
